Maori Welsh Guqulela

Isimaori lulwimi Lomthonyama Enew Zealand kunye nolwimi olusemthethweni lwabantu Basemaori. Sithetha ngabantu abangaphezu kwe-130,000 emhlabeni jikelele, ikakhulukazi Kwiziqithi Ezisenyakatho Nasenew Zealand. Ulwimi lwesimaori luthathwa njengolwimi lwesipolynesia, kwaye lubalulekile kwinkcubeko yamamaori nakwilifa lemveli. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, Iinkonzo zokuguqulela Zesimaori ziye zathandwa ngakumbi kumashishini, kwimibutho, nakubantu abafuna ukunxibelelana nabantu Besimaori okanye bafunde ngakumbi ngolwimi.

Inguqulelo yesimaori yinkqubo entsonkothileyo kuba ulwimi lunomongo kakhulu kwaye lunokutshintsha ngokukhawuleza ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko. Kungenxa yoko le nto kubalulekile ukuqesha umguquleli oqeqeshiweyo olwazi ulwimi kwaye aqonde izinto zalo. Abaguquleli abangamamaori abaqeqeshiweyo badla ngokuba zizithethi zolwimi lweenkobe yaye baqeqeshwa kakhulu kwiinkalo zolwimi.

Ngenxa yokuntsonkotha kwenguqulelo Yesimaori, inokubiza imali eninzi. Nangona kunjalo, kusafanelekile. Awuyi kufumana uguqulelo oluchanekileyo kuphela, kodwa uya kuphucula unxibelelwano phakathi kweenkcubeko, ukwandisa ukuqonda, kunye nokwandisa ubudlelwane.

Xa usebenza nomguquleli Wemaori, kubalulekile ukubonelela ngomxholo omninzi kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Oku kubandakanya abaphulaphuli ekujoliswe kubo, injongo, kunye nolunye ulwazi olufanelekileyo. Ukwenza oku kuya kunceda ukuqinisekisa ukuba uguqulelo lwakho luchanekile kwaye lucacile.

Ngokubanzi, iinkonzo zokuguqulela Zasemaori zinokunceda ukuvala umsantsa phakathi kweenkcubeko kwaye zivulele amathuba amatsha oshishino kunye nonxibelelwano. Ngokuqesha umguquleli Oqeqeshiweyo Wemaori, unokuqiniseka ukuba umyalezo wakho unxibelelana ngokuchanekileyo nangentlonelo.

Luluphi ulwimi Oluthethwa Ngamamaori?

Isimaori lulwimi Olusemthethweni Lwasenew Zealand. Ikwathethwa ngabantu Basemaori Eostreliya, Ecanada NASE-USA.

Luluphi ulwimi Oluthethwa Ngamamaori?

Ulwimi Lwesimaori luthethwa Kwaye lusetyenziswa Enew Zealand ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-800, isenza ukuba ibe yenye yeelwimi ezindala emhlabeni. Imvelaphi yayo inokulandelwa emva kwabafuduki Basepolynesia abafika kuqala kwesi siqithi ngenkulungwane ye-13, bezisa ulwimi lwabo lwezinyanya. Ukutyhubela iinkulungwane, ulwimi lwavela kwaye lwathatha iimpawu zalo ezahlukeneyo njengoko luhambelana nezinye iilwimi zasekuhlaleni kunye neziyelelane. Olu lwimi lwalupheleliselwe kwizithethe zomlomo de kwayiminyaka yoo-1800, xa abavangeli Abangamakristu baqalisa ukuguqulela izicatshulwa kulwimi Lwesimaori. Njengoko I-New Zealand yafudukela kwidemokhrasi kunye nobuzwe phakathi kwe-1900s, ulwimi lwanikwa isikhundla esisemthethweni kwaye lwaba yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yesazisi sikazwelonke Sasenew Zealand. Namhlanje, ulwimi Lwesimaori lusasetyenziswa ngokubanzi kulo lonke ilizwe kwaye lufundiswa ezikolweni kulo lonke ilizwe.

Ngoobani abona bantu ba-5 baphambili abaye banegalelo elikhulu kulwimi Lwesimaori?

1. Usir Apirana Ngata: Wayelilungu lokuqala Lepalamente Yamamaori (ngo-1905-1943) kwaye wayengumqhubi oqhuba emva kokuvuselelwa kolwimi Lwamamaori ngokusetyenziswa ngokusemthethweni kwimfundo yoluntu kunye nokuguqulelwa kweencwadi kulwimi.
2. I-rangi Hīroa (Umnumzana Peter Hēnare): wayeyinkokeli ebalulekileyo Yamamaori eyabandakanyeka Ekukhuthazeni inkcubeko yamamaori Neyamapakeha, kwaye wancedisa ekukhuthazeni ukusetyenziswa kolwimi Lwamamaori kuzo zonke iinkalo zoluntu.
3. Udame Nganeko Minhinnick: wayenempembelelo enkulu kuphuhliso lukanomathotholo Wasemaori, iminyhadala kunye namathuba emfundo kwaye wayenempembelelo ekuphuhliseni Umthetho Wekomishoni Yeelwimi Zasemaori ka-1987.
4. Udame Kōkai Hipango: wayengumfazi wokuqala Wasemaori ukuba abe yijaji Yenkundla Ephakamileyo Yasenew Zealand kwaye wayedume ngokuxhasa kwakhe ukuvuselelwa kolwimi Lwasemaori.
5. I Taura Whiri i I Reo Māori (Ikhomishini Yolwimi Lwesimaori): Ikhomishini yolwimi Lwesimaori isebenza ukukhuthaza nokugcina ulwimi Lwesimaori. Ukususela ekusekweni kwayo ngo-1987, Ikomishoni iye yaba negalelo ekuncedeni ukuvuselela ulwimi ngokuphuhlisa izixhobo ezitsha, iindlela zokufundisa kunye namanyathelo okufundisa.

Luluphi ulwimi Oluthethwa Ngamamaori?

Ulwimi Lwesimaori lulwimi Lwesipolynesia, kwaye isakhiwo salo sibonakaliswa linani elikhulu lezibizo kunye nezenzi ezilinganiselweyo. Isebenzisa inkqubo yezimamva kwiintsingiselo ezithile kumagama, eyaziwa ngokuba yigrama yokwenziwa. Ikwanoluhlu olubanzi lwezandi kunye neesilabhasi ezisetyenziselwa ukwenza amagama anentsingiselo. I-word order isimahla, nangona inokuqina kwiimeko ezithile.

Indlela yokufunda Ulwimi Lwesimaori ngendlela echanekileyo?

1. Zibhaptize ngolwimi Lwesimāori kunye nenkcubeko: Qala ngokuya kwiklasi yolwimi Lwesimāori, njengaleyo ibonelelwe Ngute Wananga o Aotearoa okanye iwi yakho yendawo. Kubalulekile ukuqonda imeko yenkcubeko apho ulwimi Lwesimāori kunye namasiko asetyenziswa kakhulu.
2. Mamela, bukela kwaye ufunde ulwimi Lwesimāori kangangoko kunokwenzeka: Fumana unomathotholo wolwimi Lwesimāori (UMZ. RNZ Māori), bukela iinkqubo zikamabonwakude zolwimi Lwesimāori kunye neefilimu, funda iincwadi, amahlaya kunye namabali Ngesimāori kwaye uqiniseke ukuba uphinda into oyivayo kwaye uyibona.
3. Ziqhelise ukuthetha ulwimi: Zama ukufumana amathuba okuncokola nezithethi zomthonyama Zesimāori ezinje ngosapho okanye abahlobo, okanye uye kwimisitho Yesimāori kunye nesikohanga reo (amaziko okufunda ulwimi lwasemāori).
4. Sebenzisa izixhobo ze-intanethi ukukunceda ufunde: zininzi izibonelelo ze-intanethi ezikhoyo, ezinje Ngesichazi-magama Solwimi Lwesimāori, eziprintiweyo kunye neencwadi ezirekhodiweyo, iziteshi Zeyoutube kunye namaqela eendaba ezentlalo anika inkxaso enkulu kubafundi bolwimi Lwesimāori.
5. Yonwaba: Ukufunda ulwimi kufuneka kube ngamava amnandi kwaye anomvuzo, ke musa ukoyiswa ngumceli mngeni-thatha inyathelo elinye ngexesha kwaye wonwabele uhambo!

Inguqulelo yesiwelsh yinkonzo ebalulekileyo kubemi Basewelsh, enika unxibelelwano ngaphakathi nangaphandle kolwimi Lwesiwelsh. Le yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yomphakathi wolwimi Lwesixhosa, Kunye Newales xa zizonke.

Njengenye yeelwimi ezindala eziphilayo Eyurophu, Iwelsh inelifa elityebileyo ekufuneka ligcinwe kwaye lihlonitshwe. Ngokubonelela ngeenguqulelo ngaphakathi nangaphandle Kweelwimi, izithethi zomthonyama Zasewelsh zinokuhlala ziyinxalenye yabantu behlabathi, ngelixa zifumana ukufikelela kulwazi kunye nezixhobo ezingafumanekiyo ngolwimi lwazo lweenkobe.

Xa ukhetha inkonzo yokuguqulela Yasewales, kubalulekile ukuba uqiniseke ukuba inkampani oyikhethayo inamava kwiinguqulelo Zesiwelsh. Kwangaxeshanye, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba nawuphi na umguquleli ubhalisiwe nequmrhu elilawulayo ukuqinisekisa ukuba umgangatho wokuguqulela uphezulu.

Ngokuchaneka, kubalulekile ukujonga ukuba umguquleli Wasewelsh uneziqinisekiso ezifanelekileyo kunye namava ekuguquleleni ukusuka Kwisingesi ukuya kolunye ulwimi, kwaye ngokuchaseneyo. Oku kuyakuqinisekisa ukuba nakuphi na ukungangqinelani okanye iimpazamo kuyathintelwa, ukongeza ekuqinisekiseni ukuba inkonzo yokuguqulela ichanekile kwaye ihlaziyiwe ngesigama samva Nje Sasewelsh.

Xa kuziwa ekufumaneni umguquleli Wasewales, zininzi iinkampani kunye neenkonzo ezikhoyo. Kubalulekile ukuba uthenge ngeenxa zonke kwaye uqinisekise ukuba ufumana ixabiso elifanelekileyo lemali, kunye nokujonga iziqinisekiso kunye nodumo lwawo nawuphi na umguquleli.

Ukongeza kwiinguqulelo, kufanelekile ukuqwalasela naziphi na iinkonzo ezongezelelweyo ezinokubonelelwa yinkampani yokuguqulela Yasewales. Umzekelo, iinkampani ezininzi zibonelela ngokufunda, ukuhlela kunye nokufomatha iinkonzo, ezinokuthi zibonakalise ukuba zixabisekile ukuba ungenisa amaxwebhu kudliwanondlebe lomsebenzi obalulekileyo okanye imbalelwano yeshishini.

Ekugqibeleni, i-Welsh translation yinkonzo exabisekileyo evumela izithethi zase-Welsh ukuba zibandakanyeke ngokupheleleyo kwihlabathi elibanzi, ngaphandle kokunciphisa ukuchaneka kunye nomgangatho wolwimi lwazo. Umguquleli othembekileyo nonamava uya kuqinisekisa ukuba onke amaxwebhu Asewelsh anikwa intlonipho ayifaneleyo.

Ngawaphi Amazwe athetha Isijamani?

Ulwimi Lwesiwelsh luthethwa ikakhulu Ewales, nangona kukho ezinye izithethi Zesiwelsh Engilani, Escotland, Eireland nakwamanye amazwe.

Yintoni Imbali Yesingesi?

Kukholelwa ukuba ulwimi Lwase-Welsh luye lwavela Kwi-Brythonic, ulwimi oluthethwa Ebrithani Ngaphambi Kokuhlasela Kwamaroma ngo-ad 43. Ngenkulungwane ye-6, yayisele ikhule Yaba Yi-Old Welsh, eyayisetyenziswa kwimibongo kunye noncwadi kude kube sekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-11. I-Middle Welsh yavela kwinkulungwane ye-12th, ilandelwa Yi-Modern Welsh ngenkulungwane ye-15 neye-16th. Umthetho wolwimi Lwesiwelsh 1993 wanika iwelsh language status Ewales kwaye namhlanje ngaphezu kwe-20% yezithethi Zesiwelsh zisebenzisa ekhaya.

Ngoobani abaphezulu be-5 abaye banegalelo elikhulu kulwimi Lwesixhosa?

1. Usanta David (malunga no-500 AD): umxhasi ongcwele Wasewales kunye nomsunguli wee-monasteries ezininzi, ubizwa ngokuba unceda ekusasazeni ulwimi Lwesiwelsh kunye noncwadi lwayo.
2. Uwilliam Salesbury (1520– 1584): wapapasha esinye sezichazi-magama zokuqala Zesiwelsh, Isichazi-Magama Ngesingesi Nesiwelshe (1547), kwaye sasingumntu onegalelo ekudaleni nasekukhuthazeni uhlobo oluqhelekileyo Lwesiwelsh.
3. Udafydd Nanmor (1700-1766): imbongi enempembelelo, wancedisa ekusekeni uncwadi Lwasewales ngokuguqulela imisebenzi yababhali abadumileyo besingesi Kwisiles.
4. I-Lady Charlotte Guest (1812– 1895): uyaziwa kakhulu ngeenguqulelo zakhe zokuqokelelwa kwamabali Asewelsh aziwa ngokuba Yi-Mabinogion.
5. Usaunders Lewis (1893– 1985): imbongi edumileyo yolwimi Lwasewelsh, umbhali wemidlalo, kunye netshantliziyo lezopolitiko, wayengumxhasi ophambili wokwandisa ubume bolwimi Lwasewelsh kunye nenkcubeko phakathi kwabantu Basewelsh.

Ulwakhiwo Njani ulwimi Welsh?

Ulwimi Lwaseburhulumenteni luvela kwisebe Le-Brythonic leelwimi Zesiceltic. Lulwimi oluchaphazeleke kakhulu, ikakhulu luneendlela ezimbini zokudibanisa isenzi kunye nesibizo. Izibizo ze-Welsh ziphawulwe ngesini (ubudoda, ubufazi, kunye ne-neuter) kunye nenani (isinye kunye nesininzi). Izenzi E-Welsh zinamaxesha asibhozo kunye nemiba emine, kwaye zineefom zangaphambili nangaphambili.

Indlela yokufunda Isingesi ngendlela echanekileyo?

1. Qala ngekhosi yolwimi-Nokuba yikhosi ekwi-intanethi, incwadi okanye iklasi kwikholeji yasekuhlaleni okanye iqela loluntu, ukuthatha ikhosi kunokuba yeyona ndlela ifanelekileyo yokufunda I-Welsh ngendlela eyakhiweyo nechanekileyo.
2. Fumana abahlobo abathetha imveli-Ukuba nezithethi zomthonyama Zasewales onokuziqhelanisa nazo kubaluleke kakhulu ekufundeni ulwimi ngokufanelekileyo.
3. Mamela umculo Wasewales kwaye ubukele I-Tv Yasewales-Ukumamela kunye nokubukela izithethi zomthonyama Zasewales ziya kukunceda uthathe ubizo oluchanekileyo kunye namagama amatsha!
4. Ukufunda iincwadi kunye namaphephandaba Kwi-Welsh-Ukufunda kuyindlela enhle yokwakha isigama kunye nokufumana ukuqonda okungcono kwendlela I-Welsh isebenza ngayo.
5. Ntywiliselwa kwinkcubeko-ulwimi Lwasewelsh lufakwe ngokuqinileyo kwinkcubeko, ke qiniseka ukuba undwendwela Iwales kwaye wonwabele umculo wayo owodwa, iminyhadala, ukutya kunye nemisebenzi.