Latvian Isikorean Guqulela

Ilatvia lilizwe elincinane elikumntla-mpuma Weyurophu, Kulwandle Lwebaltic. Nangona ilatvia ilulwimi lwayo olusemthethweni, isingesi sisetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwaye siqondwa kwezinye iindawo zelizwe. Oku kwenza ukuba kube yimfuneko ukuba abantu abaninzi basebenzise iinkonzo zokuguqulela zaselatvia ukunxibelelana nokwenza ishishini Elatvia.

Latvian uguqulo Lwemali Onke amazwe. Kukho izinto ezininzi isijamani kwaye isijamani abantu. Ngaphezu kwekhulu leminyaka, zombini isilatvia nesirashiya zazithethwa Elatvia. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yenkululeko Yaselatvia, ilatvia kuphela kolwimi olusemthethweni.

Ilatvia ayilolwimi oluthethwa kakhulu Ngaphandle Kwelatvia kwaye ngenxa yoko, imibutho emininzi ifuna iinkonzo zokuguqulela zaselatvia xa ijongana namaxwebhu elatvia kunye nembalelwano. Abaguquleli abaqeqeshiweyo baselatvia banokubonelela ngeenguqulelo ezichanekileyo zamanqaku antsonkothileyo, amaxwebhu kunye namaphepha asemthethweni ukusuka elatvia ukuya kwisingesi okanye ngokuchaseneyo.

Ukongeza ekuboneleleni ngokuchaneka kunye nomgangatho, iinkonzo zokuguqulela zaselatvia ziyayiqonda inkcubeko kunye nemiba yolwimi, eqinisekisa ukuba isicatshulwa esiguqulelweyo sinamathela ngokungqongqo kulwimi lwantlandlolo. Oku kubalulekile ekuguquleleni kolunye ulwimi, njengoko kunceda ukugcina intsingiselo yokuqala kunye nomxholo.

Iinkonzo zokuguqulela zaselatvia ziquka ezonyango, ezomthetho, ezobugcisa, ezoncwadi kunye neenguqulelo zewebhusayithi, kunye nokulungiswa kwesoftware. Kucetyiswa ukuba uqeshe umguquleli oqinisekisiweyo ukuba ujongene namaxwebhu abuthathaka afana namaphepha asemthethweni, iingxelo zemali zenkampani kunye neerekhodi zonyango Elatvia. I-arhente yokuguqulela yaselatvia iya kuqinisekisa ukuba amaxwebhu akho aguqulelwe ngokuchanekileyo ziingcali ezinamava kwaye zisiwe kuwe ngexesha.

Ukuqukumbela, iinkonzo zokuguqulela zaselatvia ziye zaba ngundaba-mlonyeni kwiminyaka yakutshanje njengoko imfuneko yonxibelelwano oluchanileyo nokuqonda phakathi kwamazwe kukhula. Ukuba nabaguquleli abaqeqeshiweyo bomthonyama baselatvia beza kuluncedo kumashishini, kunye nabantu abafuna ukuhamba Okanye ukuhlala Elatvia.

Ngawaphi amazwe athetha ilatvia?

Ilatvia lulwimi olusemthethweni Lwesilatvia yaye ikwathethwa kwiindawo Ezithile E-Estonia, Erashiya, Ekazakhstan Naseukraine.

Kuthetha ntoni ilatvia?

Ulwimi lwaselatvia lulwimi Lwase-Indo-European olusetyenziswa kwisebe leelwimi Zasebaltic. Kuye kwathethwa kwingingqi Yaselatvia iminyaka engaphezu kwewaka, kwaye lulwimi olusemthethweni lwelizwe.
Iirekhodi zokuqala ezibhaliweyo zesilatvia zibuyela kwinkulungwane ye-16, kunye neengxenye zolwimi eziqulethe izicatshulwa ezifana Nenguqulelo Yebhayibhile Kamartin Luther. Ukususela ngenkulungwane ye-18 ukusa phambili, isilatvia sasetyenziswa kwizigaba ezahlukahlukeneyo zemfundo, yaye iphephandaba lokuqala lapapashwa ngolwimi ngowe-1822.
Ebudeni benkulungwane ye-19 nasekuqaleni kweyama-20, ilatvia yafumana ixesha lokuguqulwa kweelwimi elalijolise ekuphuculeni umgangatho wolwimi nokukhulisa isigama salo ngamagama abolekwe kwezinye iilwimi Zaseyurophu. Emva kwenkululeko, ilatvia yabhengezwa njengolwimi olusemthethweni Lwaselatvia ngo-1989.
Ukongezelela ekuthethwe ngabantu abamalunga ne-1.4 lezigidi Elatvia, ilatvia ikwasetyenziswa kumazwe afana Nerashiya, Iostreliya, Iunited Kingdom, Icanada, Iunited States Nejamani.

Ngoobani abantu aba-5 abaphambili abaye banegalelo elikhulu kulwimi lwaselatvia?

1. U-Krišjānis Barons (1835-1923) - i-folklorist yaselatvia, ingcali yeelwimi kunye ne-philologist ebhalwe ngokusesikweni ulwimi lwaselatvia lwangoku.
2. Ujānis Endzelī (1860-1933) - i-philologist yaselatvia ehloniphekileyo, ebhalwe ngokudala umgaqo oqhelekileyo kunye nenkqubo yegrama yaselatvia.
3. Uandrejs Eglī (1886-1942) - owokuqala waselatvia ukufumana ugqirha kwiilwimi, waba negalelo ekuqulunqeni i-orthography yaselatvia.
4. Uaugust Deglavs (1893-1972) - umbhali onempembelelo waselatvia kunye nembongi, edlale indima ephambili ekulondolozeni inkcubeko yaselatvia.
5. Uvaldis Muktupāvels (1910 - 1986) - ingcali yeelwimi yaselatvia edumileyo, wayengomnye wabayili abaphambili benkqubo yangoku yokubhala ulwimi lwaselatvia kunye nemithetho yopelo.

Uluphi ulwimi lwaselatvia?

Ulwimi lwaselatvia lulwimi olukhuthazayo olufana nezinye iilwimi Zasebaltic ezifana nesilithuania Nesiprussia Esidala. Inenkqubo entsonkothileyo yokuhla kwesibizo, ukudityaniswa kwesenzi, kunye nezinto zokwakha ezinje ngesini, amanani, kunye namatyala. Ilatvia ikwabonakaliswa ngenqanaba eliphezulu lokuthweswa isidanga, ugxininiso, kunye notshintsho lwesandi. Ngokubhekiselele kwi-syntax yayo, ilatvia ilandela umyalelo WE-SVO (Umxholo-Isenzi-Into).

Indlela yokufunda ulwimi lwaselatvia ngendlela echanekileyo?

1.Qala ngokufunda iziseko: Qala ngokuziqhelanisa nealfabhethi yefonetiki, ubizo olusisiseko (iingcebiso apha), kunye negrama ebalulekileyo (iingcebiso ezininzi apha).
2.Fumana incwadi yesifundo: Iincwadi Ezininzi zezifundo ziyafumaneka ukukunceda ufunde isilatvia; oku kulungile ukuqonda igrama, ulwimi olubhaliweyo kunye namabinzana aqhelekileyo. Iincwadi ezimbalwa ezicetyiswayo 'Zibalulekile elatvia', ' elatvia: Igrama Ebalulekileyo 'nelithi' Funda elatvia ngemizuzu eli-10 Ngosuku'.
3.Thatha ikhosi: Bhalisela ikhosi okanye ufumane umhlohli ukuze akuncede uziqhelanise nokuthetha nokuva ulwimi. Iiyunivesithi ezininzi, izikolo kunye nabahlohli babucala banikezela ngeeklasi kunye nezifundo ezizodwa elatvia.
4.Mamela umculo waselatvia kwaye ubukele umabonwakude waselatvia: Ukumamela umculo waselatvia kunokukunceda ukuba uthathe umculo kunye neepateni zomculo. Ukubukela imiboniso YETV kunye neefilimu zaselatv kunokukunika intshayelelo kwinkcubeko.
5.Ziqhelise iincoko: Xa ukhululekile kunye neziseko, zama ukubandakanyeka kwiingxoxo kunye nezithethi zomthonyama. Ukuba akukho zithethi zomthonyama zaselatvia kufutshane nawe, sebenzisa iiapps ezinje Ngetandem okanye Isithethi ukuziqhelanisa namaqabane avela kwihlabathi liphela.

Inguqulelo yasekorea iya ibaluleke ngakumbi, ngakumbi kwihlabathi leshishini, njengoko iinkampani zijonge ukwandisa ukufikelela Kwazo Easia nangaphaya. Ngabemi abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-51 kunye noqoqosho olukhula ngokukhawuleza lwehlabathi, Ikorea iya isiba yimarike enomtsalane yamashishini aphesheya. Nangona kunjalo, kunokuba ngumceli mngeni kwiinkampani ezinethemba lokusebenzisa eli qonga. Ukoyisa oku, iifemu ezininzi zijikela kwiinkonzo zokuguqulela zasekorea ukuqinisekisa ukuba iimveliso zabo, iinkonzo, izinto zokuthengisa, kunye nokunye kwaziswa ngokufanelekileyo kwintengiso yabo ekujoliswe kuyo.

Iinkonzo zokuguqulela zasekorea zobungcali zisebenzisa abaguquleli abathetha iilwimi zomthonyama abaqhelene nolwimi lwasekorea nenkcubeko. Oku kuthetha ukuba banolwazi olusondeleyo lwezinto, ezintsonkothileyo, kunye nee-colloquialisms ezenza ulwimi. Eli nqanaba lobuchule liqinisekisa ukuba nasiphi na isicatshulwa esiguqulelwe ekorea sichanekile kwaye sihambelana nolindelo lwenkcubeko kunye nemigaqo.

Xa ukhetha umguquleli, kubalulekile ukukhangela umntu onerekhodi elomeleleyo lokubonelela ngeenguqulelo ezisemgangathweni zasekorea. Iinkampani ezijonge ukukhupha iimfuno zokuguqulela zasekorea kufuneka zikhethe umboneleli ngenkonzo kunye neqela labaguquleli abanamava, abaqeqeshiweyo abanokubonelela ngeenguqulelo ezichanekileyo, ezingenazimpazamo ngokukhawuleza nangokufanelekileyo. Ukongeza, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba umboneleli ngenkonzo uqinisekisiwe yi-ISO kwaye uyayithobela imigangatho yoshishino yolawulo lomgangatho kunye nenkonzo yabathengi.

Iinkonzo zokuguqulela zasekorea ziya zithandwa ngakumbi njengoko iinkampani zijonga ukwaphula iimarike ezintsha kunye nokwandisa ubukho bazo kwihlabathi liphela. Nokuba yeyewebhusayithi, incwadana yemveliso, okanye izinto zokuthengisa, umboneleli ngenkonzo ofanelekileyo unokuqinisekisa ukuba umyalezo ofuna ukunxibelelana nawo kwintengiso yakho ekujoliswe kuyo umelwe ngokuchanekileyo ngolwimi lwasekorea. Iinkonzo zokuguqulela zasekorea zibonelela ngokuchaneka, ukusebenza ngokukuko, kunye nenkonzo yabathengi eya kuthi incede ishishini lakho lifikelele kwisakhono sayo esipheleleyo kwimarike yehlabathi.

Ngawaphi amazwe athetha ulwimi lwasekorea?

Ulwimi lwasekorea luthethwa ikakhulu Emzantsi Korea Nasenyakatho Korea, nakwimimandla Yase China Nasejapan. Ikwathethwa ngabantu abancinci kwamanye amazwe aliqela kwihlabathi liphela, kubandakanya Iunited States, Ikhanada, Iostreliya, Ifransi, Ibrazil Kunye Nerashiya.

Yintoni isikorean ulwimi imbali?

Ulwimi lwasekorea luyinxalenye yosapho Lweural-Altaic ulwimi. Inembali eyahlukileyo neyahlukileyo yolwimi eqala emva kweenkulungwane, iqala Nge-old Korean kwi-7th century ad. Kwinkulungwane ye-10, ngexesha le-goryeo, Kwathethwa Amakorea Akumbindi korea. Ngenkulungwane ye-15, ngexesha likajoseon, isikorea Sanamhlanje savela kwaye siyaqhubeka silulwimi olusemthethweni Lwasemzantsi Korea namhlanje. Impembelelo yenkcubeko Yamatshayina kulwimi lwasekorea ikwabonakala, njengoko uninzi lwezinto zayo ze-lexical zivela ku-hanja (abalinganiswa Basetshayina) kwaye ezininzi zibhalwa Kwi-Hangul (i-alfabhethi yasekorea). Kutshanje, ezinye iimpembelelo zivela kwisingesi, Isijapan kunye nezinye iilwimi.

Ngoobani abaphezulu be-5 abaye banegalelo elikhulu kulwimi lwasekorea?

1. Usejong Omkhulu (세종대왕) - umqambi we-hangul Kunye Nomdali weencwadi zasekorea
2. Ushin Saimdang (신사임당) - Umphengululi odumileyo Kaconfucius kunye nomama ka-yi i, Esinye Sezithandi Zobulumko ezinempembelelo kujoseon Dynasty Yasekorea.
3. Yi I (이이) - Isithandi Sobulumko esidumileyo seconfucius, umphengululi kunye nembongi ngexesha Likajoseon Dynasty.
4. Unkulunkulu uqobo Lwakhe, Oyingqayizivele X Unkulunkulu Uqobo Lwakhe, Oyingqayizivele I Izwi Lamashumi Amane Nanye Unkulunkulu Uqobo Lwakhe, Oyingqayizivele I Izwi Lamashumi Amathathu Nane Unkulunkulu Uqobo Lwakhe, Oyingqayizivele I Izwi Lamashumi Amathathu Nane Unkulunkulu Uqobo Lwakhe, Oyingqayizivele I Izwi Lamashumi Amathathu Nane Unkulunkulu Uqobo Lwakhe, Oyingqayizivele X
5. I-Sin Chaeho (신채호) - umbhali-mbali Onempembelelo kunye neelwimi eziqulunqe i-alfabhethi kunye nesigama se-classical korea. Waqulunqa inkqubo yegrama yasekorea eyasungula umgangatho wesikorea sanamhlanje.

Njani ulwimi lwasekorea?

Isikorean ulwimi agglutinative, oko kuthetha ukuba kuxhomekeke kakhulu kwi-affixes kwaye particles ukutshintsha engundoqo intsingiselo a root igama. Isakhiwo sesivakalisi esisisiseko sisihloko-into-isenzi, kunye nabaguquleli bahlala beqhotyoshelwe ekupheleni kwezibizo okanye izenzi. Isikorean kanjalo isebenzisa honorific ulwimi ukubonisa loluntu hierarchy, rely kakhulu kwi imithetho politeness kwaye formality xa uthetha nabanye.

Indlela yokufunda ulwimi lwasekorea ngendlela echanekileyo?

1. Qala ngeziseko. Ngaphambi kokuntywila kwiinkalo ezintsonkothileyo zolwimi, kubalulekile ukufunda ezona zinto zisisiseko – njengoonobumba, ukubizwa kwamagama, kunye nemithetho esisiseko yegrama.
2. Isigama esikhulu kunye namabinzana aqhelekileyo. Nje ukuba wazi izinto ezisisiseko, qhubeka ufunda amagama kunye namabinzana aqhelekileyo asetyenziswa kubomi bemihla ngemihla. Oku kuya kukunika umbono wendlela yokubeka izivakalisi kunye kwaye ube neengxoxo kunye nezithethi zomthonyama.
3. Mamela kwaye uziqhelanise. Ukubethelela ukubizwa kunye nokuphucula izakhono zakho zokumamela, qala ukumamela ulwimi kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Bukela imiboniso YETV yasekorea kunye neemovie, sebenzisa usetyenziso lokufunda ulwimi, kwaye ufunde iincwadi okanye iimagazini ngesikorea. Okukhona uphulaphula, kokukhona uya kuqhelana nolwimi.
4. Sebenzisa izibonelelo. Ukufunda ulwimi akufuneki kwenziwe yedwa. Sebenzisa izibonelelo ezininzi ezikhoyo kwi-intanethi, ezinje ngeencwadi zezifundo, izifundo zevidiyo, kunye nokurekhodwa kweaudio. Unokufumana kwakhona ukutshintshiselana ngolwimi kunye neeforamu zengxoxo ze-intanethi ezinokukunceda uhlale ukhuthazekile kwaye ufunde kwabanye abafundi.
5. Zibandakanye kwincoko. Nje ukuba uzive ukhululekile ngokwaneleyo ngolwimi kwaye ufunde ezinye zeziseko, zama ukubandakanyeka kwiingxoxo kunye nezithethi zomthonyama. Oku kuya kukunceda uluqonde ngcono ulwimi kwaye ufumane ukuzithemba ekuluthetheni.