Isipolish Isigrike Guqulela

Isipolish lulwimi Lweslavic oluthethwa ikakhulu Epoland, olwenza ukuba lube lolona lwimi luthethwa kakhulu kweli lizwe. Nangona lulwimi lomthonyama Lwezibonda, abanye abemi abaninzi abahlala kumbindi Yurophu nakwimimandla Yaseunited States nabo bathetha isipolish. Ngenxa yoko, iinkonzo zokuguqulela zasepoland ziya zithandwa ngakumbi, njengoko isidingo sokunxibelelana ngokucacileyo kwimiqobo yenkcubeko siyanda.

Nangona isipolish isenokuba lulwimi olunzima kwizithethi ezingezizo ezomthonyama ukuba zifunde, kukho amanqaku ambalwa aphambili ekufuneka uwagcine engqondweni xa ufuna umguquleli onamava. Okokuqala kukujonga ukuba umntu okanye iarhente oceba ukuyisebenzisa inamava kwicandelo lokuguqulela isipolish. Oku kuya kuqinisekisa ukuba umyalezo wakho uya kwaziswa ngendlela ecacileyo, echanekileyo kunokwenzeka. Kukwabalulekile ukuba uqiniseke ukuba umguquleli uthetha isipolish kunye nolwimi ekujoliswe kulo ngokutyibilikayo kangangoko kunokwenzeka.

Ukongeza, kubalulekile ukuba umguquleli aqhelane nenkcubeko kunye nemiba yolwimi. Umzekelo, amagama athile okanye amabinzana anokuba neentsingiselo ezahlukeneyo kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo, ke ukuba nengcali eqonda umahluko ofihlakeleyo kunokunceda ukuqinisekisa ukuba umyalezo wakho udluliselwa ngokuchanekileyo.

Ekugqibeleni, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela iindleko zeenkonzo zokuguqulela isipolish. Njengayo nayiphi na inkonzo, iindleko zinokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwezinto, ukuntsonkotha kwesicatshulwa kunye nexesha lokujika elifunwayo. Qiniseka ukuba uthelekisa amaxabiso kubaboneleli abohlukeneyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba ufumana elona value lilungileyo lemali yakho.

Ukuqukumbela, isipolish lulwimi oluntsonkothileyo nolunengqondo olufuna iinkonzo zomguquleli onamava ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuchaneka nokucaca. Xa ukhetha i-arhente okanye umguquleli, qiniseka ukuba uthathela ingqalelo amava abo, ukuqonda ngokutyibilikayo kunye nenkcubeko, kunye neendleko zeenkonzo zabo. Ngokwenza njalo, unokuqiniseka ukuba umyalezo wakho uza kuguqulelwa ngokuchanekileyo nangempumelelo.

Ngawaphi amazwe athetha isipolish?

Isipolish sithethwa ikakhulu Epoland, kodwa sinokuviwa nakwamanye amazwe, Belebelarus, iczech Republic, Ijamani, Ihungary, Ilithuania, Islovakia Neukraine.

Yintoni isipolish ulwimi?

Isipolish lulwimi Lwase-Indo-European lweqela le-Lechitic, kunye neczech neslovak. Inxulumene ngokusondeleyo nabamelwane bayo abasondeleyo, iczech kunye neslovak. Isipolish lolona lwimi luthethwa Kakhulu entshona Slavic group kwaye sithethwa ngabantu abamalunga nezigidi ezingama-47 kwihlabathi liphela.
Ingxelo yokuqala eyaziwayo yolwimi lwasepoland ibuyele kwi-10TH century AD, nangona abanye bakholelwa ukuba inokuthethwa ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-7 okanye le-8. Ulwimi lwenziwa utshintsho oluthile ebudeni Bamaxesha Aphakathi, lwaphenjelelwa ngamandla sisilatini, isijamani nesihungary ngenxa yokungena kwabantu abavela kula mazwe.
Uhlobo lwangoku lwesipolish lwavela ngenkulungwane ye-16, xa ulwimi lwafumana ixesha elimiselweyo ngenxa yempembelelo Yecawa Yamakatolika, eyayinamandla amakhulu kunye nefuthe ngelo xesha. Emva kwezahlulelo Zasepoland ngasekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-18, ulwimi lwaphenjelelwa ngakumbi sisirashiya nesijamani, njengoko iindawo ezahlukeneyo zelizwe zaziphantsi kolawulo lwazo.
Isipolish saphinda sazimela ngo-1918 kwaye sele siphuhlise saba lulwimi olukhoyo namhlanje. Ulwimi luye lwaqhubeka luvela ngokudibanisa amagama amaninzi amatsha, kwaye i-lexicon iye yanda ukuba ibandakanye amagama avela kwezinye iilwimi ezifana nesifrentshi nesingesi.

Ngoobani abaphezulu be-5 abaye banegalelo elikhulu kulwimi lwasepoland?

1. Ujan Kochanowski (1530-1584): Uthathwa njengembongi yesizwe Yasepoland, Ukochanowski wenza igalelo elikhulu kulwimi lwangoku lwasepoland ngokwazisa amagama amatsha, izichazi, kunye nokubhala imibongo yonke ngolwimi oluthethwayo lwabantu.
2. U-Ignacy Krasiki (1735-1801): Ukrasiki wayeyimbongi eyaziwayo, i-satirist kunye nomdlali wokukhanya kwepoland. Wabhala imibongo ngesilatini nangesipolish, esazisa imizekeliso emininzi eqhelekileyo kulwimi lwesipolish.
3. Uadam Mickiewicz (1798-1855): Umickiewicz udla ngokubizwa ngokuba "yinkosana yeembongi zasepoland". Imisebenzi yakhe yaba negalelo elikhulu kuphuhliso lolwimi lwasepoland kunye noncwadi.
4. Ustanisław Wyspiński (1869-1907): I-Wyspiński yayingumntu oyintloko we-Young Poland movement kwi-art and literature. Wabhala ngokubanzi ngolwimi lwasepoland kwaye wavelisa isitayela esikhethekileyo soncwadi esinempembelelo enkulu kwizizukulwana ezilandelayo zababhali basepoland.
5. Iczesław Miłosz (1911-2004): Umiłosz wayeyinobel Prize Kulwazi Loncwadi. Imisebenzi yakhe yaba negalelo ekwandiseni ulwimi lwasepoland nenkcubeko phesheya. Kwakhona wakhuthaza izizukulwana eziselula zababhali ukuba zihlolisise izihloko ezingazange zibonwe kwiincwadi zesipolish.

Uluphi ulwimi lwesipolish?

Ulwimi lwasepoland lulwimi Lwaseslavic. I-Indo-European usapho kwaye belong Ukuba West Slavic iqela iilwimi. Ulwimi ngokwalo lwahlulwe lwaba ziziyelelane ezintathu eziphambili: isipolish Esincinci, Isipolish Esikhulu Kunye Nesimazovian. Nganye yezi lwimi ineziyelelane zayo zengingqi. Isipolish lulwimi oluchaphazeleka kakhulu olusebenzisa amatyala, isini, kunye noxinzelelo ukuze kwakhiwe izivakalisi. Umyalelo wegama ubhetyebhetye kwaye ubukhulu becala umiselwa ngumxholo endaweni yesivakalisi. Ukongeza, isipolish sinenkqubo etyebileyo yamaqabane, izikhamiso, kunye ne-accents ezisetyenziswa ekwakhiweni kwamagama.

Indlela yokufunda ulwimi lwasepoland ngendlela echanekileyo?

1. Qala ngeziseko: Funda isigama esisisiseko kunye nokubiza amagama. Ukutyala imali kwincwadi elungileyo yolwimi lwasepoland okanye ikhosi ekwi-intanethi egxile kwigrama, enje "Ngesipolish Esibalulekileyo" Ngu-Amalia Kless.
2. Ziqhelanise nokubiza amagama: Mamela izithethi zasepoland, kwaye uziqhelanise nokuthetha ngokuvakalayo.
3. Zama izixhobo zokufunda zemultimedia: Sebenzisa iipodcasts, iividiyo, kunye nesoftware yekhompyuter ukukunceda ufunde isipolish.
4. Gwema ukuguqulela ukusuka kwisingesi: Nangona kusenokubonakala kulula, uya kufumana okungakumbi kumgudu wakho ukuba uzama ukwenza unxulumano nokwakha amagama.
5. Ziqhelise rhoqo: yenza umkhwa wokuchitha ubuncinane imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku ufunda isipolish.
6. Mix kwezinye fun: Ukungena a isipolish ulwimi exchange, ukubukela isipolish iimifanekiso kwaye TV ibonisa, ukufunda isipolish iincwadi kwaye magazine, okanye incoko nge-native speakers kwi-loluntu media.
7. Qaphela: Akukho Nto ibetha ukuhlala kwilizwe elithetha isipolish ukuba unako ukwenza njalo. Okukhona untywiliselwa ngakumbi, kokukhona uya kulufumana ngokukhawuleza ulwimi.

Njengenye yeelwimi zamandulo, inguqulelo yesigrike ibiyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yonxibelelwano kangangeenkulungwane. Ulwimi lwesigrike lunembali ende kunye nefuthe elikhulu kwiilwimi zanamhlanje, okwenza kube yinto ebalulekileyo kunxibelelwano lwamazwe ngamazwe. Abaguquleli bamagrike badlala indima ephambili ekuvaleni umsantsa phakathi kweenkcubeko kunye nokubonelela ngokuchanekileyo kwentsingiselo yesicatshulwa.

Inguqulelo Yesigrike idla ngokwenziwa ukusuka kwisigrike Sale Mihla ukuya kolunye ulwimi. Ikwayenye yeelwimi eziqhelekileyo ezisetyenziswa Kwizizwe ezimanyeneyo nakwimibutho yezizwe ngezizwe. Ngenxa yoko, imfuno yabaguquleli bamagrike iya isanda.

Isigrike lulwimi oluphucukileyo, oluneenguqu ezininzi zengingqi kunye nembali. Ngenxa yoko, abaguquleli abaziingcali kufuneka bakwazi ukuchonga amagama afanelekileyo ukudlulisela ngokuchanekileyo intsingiselo okanye intsingiselo yesicatshulwa. Ngaphezu koko, bamele bahlale besexesheni ekuguquleleni kolwimi lwesigrike, ukuze baqinisekise ukuba iinguqulelo zabo zihlala zibalulekile yaye zinentsingiselo.

Ukongezelela ekuqondeni izinto ezintsonkothileyo zolwimi ngokwalo, abaguquleli bamele baqhelane nemibandela eyahlukahlukeneyo yenkcubeko – enjengesilamsi nezicatshulwa – ukuze bakwazi ukudlulisela kakuhle ithoni nendlela eqondwa ngayo imibhalo yantlandlolo. Ngokuxhomekeke kumongo, amanye amagama anokuba nentsingiselo eyahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo ngolwimi olunye kunolunye.

Ngokubanzi, umguquleli olungileyo wesigrike unokuwenza wonke umahluko phakathi kweprojekthi ephumelelayo yamazwe ngamazwe nokungaqondani okubiza imali eninzi. Xa uqesha umguquleli, amashishini kufuneka aqinisekise ukuba asebenza nengcali enamava eqonda izinto zolwimi lwesigrike kunye nazo naziphi na iziyelelane zommandla.

Ekugqibeleni, inguqulelo yesigrike-xa yenziwe ngokuchanekileyo-isisixhobo esibaluleke kakhulu sempumelelo kuqoqosho lwehlabathi. Ngeqabane elifanelekileyo, amashishini anokuqiniseka ukuba umyalezo wabo uya kudluliselwa ngokuchanekileyo, ebavumela ukuba bavale ukwahlukana kwenkcubeko kwaye baxhamle kwintsebenziswano esebenzayo yamazwe ngamazwe.

Ngawaphi amazwe athetha isigrike?

Ulwimi lwaseburhulumenteni Egrisi Nasecyprus. Ikwathethwa ngabantu abancinci Ealbania, Ebulgaria, Emantla Emakedoni, Eromania, Eturkey Nase-Ukraine. Isigrike sikwathethwa linani elikhulu labaphambukeli kunye nabaphambukeli kwihlabathi liphela, kubandakanya Iunited States, Iostreliya Nasekhanada.

Yintoni isigrike sembali?

Ulwimi lwesigrike lunembali ende kwaye ityebile, luqala ngexesha Le-Mycenaean (1600-1100 BC), xa kwakuyindlela yokuqala Yesigrike. Isigrike samandulo yayilisebe losapho Lweelwimi Zase-Indo-European kwaye ithathwa njengesiseko sazo zonke iilwimi zanamhlanje Zaseyurophu. Iincwadi zokuqala ezaziwayo ezibhalwe ngesigrike samandulo zaqala ukubonakala malunga ne-776 BC ngohlobo lwemibongo kunye namabali. Ngexesha Leklasikhi (i-5th ukuya kwi-4th century BC), ulwimi lwesigrike lwacokiswa lwaza lwavuthwa lwaba luhlobo lwalo lwakudala, olusisiseko sesigrike sanamhlanje.
Isigrike sathethwa ngendlela ethile okanye enye kude kube yinkulungwane ye-5 AD, xa yatshintshela ngokugqithiseleyo kwifom ye-demotic, ehlala isetyenziswa namhlanje njengolwimi olusemthethweni Lwasegrisi. Ngexesha le-byzantine era (400-1453 AD), ulwimi oluphambili Kwi-Empuma Yamaroma yayilulwimi lwesigrike. Emva Kokuwa Kobukhosi Basebyzantium, isigrike sadlula ixesha lokuwa. Ngowe-1976, isigrike saba lulwimi lwaseburhulumenteni. Namhlanje, isigrike sesinye sezona lwimi zithethwa Kakhulu Eyurophu, ezinezithethi ezimalunga nezigidi ezili-15 zomthonyama.

Ngoobani abantu aba-5 abaphambili abaye banegalelo elikhulu kulwimi lwesigrike?

1. Uhomer-uthathwa njengoyise wolwimi lwesigrike kunye noncwadi, ogama lakhe, I-Iliad Kunye Ne-Odyssey, yimisebenzi esisiseko yoncwadi Lwasentshona.
2. Uplato-isithandi sobulumko samandulo kuthiwa sazisa iingcamango ezintsha, amagama namabinzana kulwimi lwesigrike.
3. U-Aristotle-Akazange abhale ngokubanzi malunga nefilosofi kunye nesayensi kwisigrike sakhe somthonyama, kodwa abanye bakholelwa ukuba wayengowokuqala ukuguqula ulwimi.
4. Uhippocrates-Owaziwa Ngokuba Nguyise Wezamayeza, wabhala kakhulu ngesigrike, enempembelelo enkulu kwisigama sezonyango.
5. Demosthenes - esi sithethi sikhulu sabhala ngenkuthalo ngolwimi, kuquka iintetho ezininzi, amazwi neminye imisebenzi.

Ulwakhiwo njani ulwimi lwesigrike?

Ubume bolwimi lwesigrike buchaphazeleka kakhulu, oko kuthetha ukuba amagama atshintsha ifom ngokwendima yabo kwisivakalisi. Umzekelo, izibizo, izichazi, kunye nezimelabizo kufuneka zincitshiswe ukuze zibonise inani, isini, kunye netyala. Izenzi zidibaniswa ukubonisa ukuqina, ilizwi kunye nomoya. Ukongeza, amagama angaphakathi adla ngokutshintsha ngokuxhomekeke kumongo afumaneka kuwo.

Indlela yokufunda isigrike ngendlela echanekileyo?

1. Thenga ikhosi elungileyo esisiseko ngesigrike: ikhosi elungileyo yokwazisa ngolwimi lwesigrike iya kukunika isishwankathelo solwimi kwaye ikufundise iziseko ezinje ngegrama, ukubiza, kunye nesigama.
2. Ukufunda ialfabhethi yesigrike linyathelo lokuqala lokuqonda amagama esigrike kunye namabinzana. Qiniseka ukuba ufunda oonobumba abakhulu nabasezantsi kwaye usebenzise ukubiza kwakho.
3. Funda amagama aqhelekileyo kunye namabinzana: zama ukukhetha amanye amabinzana aqhelekileyo esigrike kunye namagama. Oku kubandakanya imibuliso kunye namagama aluncedo such ngo" molo", "sala kakuhle", "nceda", "enkosi", " ewe "kunye no "hayi".
4. Mamela umculo wesigrike: Ukumamela umculo wesigrike kunokukunceda ekukhetheni ukubizwa, isingqisho kunye nentetho yolwimi. Ikwakunika indlela ephilayo yokufunda ulwimi, njengoko ikuveza kwiingxoxo zobomi bokwenyani kunye neemeko.
5. Ukuziqhelanisa nesithethi somthonyama: Ukuba unokufikelela kwisithethi somthonyama sesigrike, ukuziqhelanisa nolwimi kunye nabo kubalulekile. Ukuthetha ngokuvakalayo kunye nokuncokola ngesigrike kukuvumela ukuba ufunde ngokukhawuleza ulwimi kwaye ulungise naziphi na iimpazamo ozenzayo.
6. Bhalisela iklasi yolwimi: Ukuba awukwazi ukufikelela kwisithethi sesigrike somthonyama, ukubhalisela iklasi yolwimi yindlela enhle yokufunda ulwimi. Uya kungqongwa ngabantu abakwisikhephe esinye njengawe kwaye oku kuya kukunika ithuba lokuziqhelanisa kwaye ubuze imibuzo malunga nolwimi.
7. Funda uncwadi lwesigrike: Ukufunda uncwadi lwakudala nolwanamhlanje lwesigrike kuya kukunika ukuqonda kulwimi kwaye kukuvumele ukuba ufumane ukuqonda okunzulu kwezinto zalo.
8. Bukela iimovie ZESIGRIKE KUNYE nemiboniso YETV: Ukubukela iimovie ZESIGRIKE kunye nemiboniso YETV kuya kukuvumela ukuba ubonakale kulwimi kwincoko yemihla ngemihla ukuze uqale ukuqonda ukuba kuthethwa njani.
9. Thatha Uhambo Oluya Egrisi: indlela efanelekileyo yokufunda ulwimi kukuntywila kwinkcubeko nakwiindawo ezikufutshane. Ukuthatha Uhambo Oluya Egrisi kuya kukunika ithuba lokuziqhelanisa nolwimi kubomi bemihla ngemihla kwaye uthathe iziyelelane zommandla.